AND > Basic Procedure to Swap-Out Eggs when Needed.
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Over the Various Swan Nesting Seasons that we have Experienced,
there have been a Number of Times having Replacement Eggs has been Helpful.
If there is No Cob/Male to Fertilze a Pen/Female’s Eggs:
Most Healthy Swan Pens/Females are Mature by Age Three
will Nest and Lay Eggs with or without a Male/Mate.
An Average Clutch of Mute Swan Eggs = 6 to 8 to Maybe 9 BIG EGGs.
If the First Spring Clutch is Lost – to Flooding – or Nest Raiding Raccoons..
the Second Clutch will have Fewer Eggs..
When Swan Eggs are NOT Fertile,
they will often Start to Rot before 42 Days and SMELL TERRIBLE
before they can be Removed from the Nest.
(42 Days AFTER the Pen is “Sitting” Full-Time to Prevent Recycling. )
If you See Flies Around the Nest/Pen.. the Eggs are Likely Rotting..
Try to REMOVE these Rotting Eggs.. and Replace with Dummy Eggs.
This is a Common Practice with House Birds and at Zoos.
It is NOT Hard to Locate the Rotting Eggs – THEY SMELL TERRIBLE !
There are Nest Raiders.. Likely Raccoons Stealing Eggs.
Some Times People.. take the Eggs before Nesting is Finished.
This will Likely Cause the Pen to Recycle and Lay more Eggs.
Heavy Spring Rain may Soak and Spoil Eggs.
The Eggs Turn Blue once they are Too Wet..
Many Times the Developing Embryos will Drown.
When the Female is not Ready to “Sit” Full-Time in Early Spring,
while still Laying her Clutch, a very Frosty Night may Freeze the Eggs.
Little Chance these will Hatch. Some of these will be Cracked and LEAK !
( If any Eggs Freeze and Crack… REMOVE and Discard them. )
If for any Given Year, you want to Prevent Eggs Hatching.
Maybe you do not want to Deal with Cygnets.. Lots of Work.
The Eggs can be Spoiled by Spraying or Oiling..
OR you can Replace the Real Eggs with Life-Like Replacements.
In States where there are “Permit” Mute Swans,
the State Policy may NOT Allow their Eggs to Hatch.
If your Swan Pair are from the Same Brood and you Determine
it is more Responsible to Prevent their Eggs Hatching.
Often Young Swans are Acquired from the Same Parent Swans..
Reducing Genetic Diversity.
We Rescued the Young Cygnets below. They were Male and Female Nest Mates.
It would have been Easy to find them a Home Together.
To Prevent Inbreeding, we Arrange Different Forever Homes.
OR as in the Example Below: The Mature Pen had Died.
The Cob Bonded with his Female Offspring.. ( His Daughter ).
The Owners decided to Rehome them to Different Homes after they
had been Mating and Nesting. Their Eggs were Not Allowed to Hatch.
Now they are Both with Unrelated Mates for Healthier Cygnets.
Having Replacement Eggs can be VERY Handy..
Use them – then Wipe them off and Store for Future Years.
The Information below is ADDED.. May 2023 
We have Used our Wooden Replacement EGGs for 5 Nesting Seasons.
Washed and Dried.. Ready to Store.. they Look Great !
There are NO Cracks in the Finish.. NO Discoloration.. None Stolen.
We Swapped-Out “Brooke’s” Real EGGs.. at 14-15 Days..
NONE were Fertile.. She Finished her Incubation Time on
Wooden EGGs.. that did no Stink or Attract Flies !!
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My First Swan Egg Replacements were:
The UnHatched-Unfertile Mute Swan Eggs that I Drained and Filled
with Sand and “Great Stuff” Foam. These were a Little Light Weight.
I Painted a Sorta Feather over the Plugged Hole. To Sorta Hide the Spot.
All but One Real-Filled Eggs was Accepted by our Nesting Pens.
TO my Disappointment, a Raccoon started to Steal
my Real Replacement Eggs and Chewed them into Pieces..
DARN.
My Next Plan: WOODEN Eggs..
I Called a WoodCrafter Store. Explained I wanted to have Large Eggs Turned.
They were Happy to Help.
I took a Gentleman One of my Real Eggs for the Template.
Below are the Measurement of an Average Size Mute Swan Egg.
The Craftsman did a GREAT Job. Now it is Up to Me to Paint & Seal them.
He used Heavy Dense Wood.. BIRCH. The Weight is Pretty Good.
Birch Wood is a Hardwood that is Extremely Strong.
The WoodCraftsman advised me on the most Durable UnderCoat Sealer
and the Outer Finish Product for Outside Wood Items.
If you do not have a WoodCraft Resource.. I Located this WoodCarver.
I Sent him a Real Mute Swan Egg.. and he will be Able to Help Swan Folks.
Greg Dorrance Co. / Smoky Mountain Woodcarvers
Wood Carving Tools, Decoy Carving and Art Supplies
These are Wooden Eggs the Size of Mute Swan Eggs.
https://gregdorrance.com/product/eggs-large-basswood-swan-3-wide-x-4-1-2-tall/
https://gregdorrance.com/contact/ https://gregdorrance.com/
greg@gregdorrance.com Phone: (508) 222-6255
Greg Dorrance Co. Smoky Mountain Woodcarvers Co.
1063 Oakhill Avenue, Attleboro, MA 02703-7318
When you Order your Wooden EGGs.. Ask for DENSE Wood..
It is Difficult to get the EGGs to be as Heavy as the Real Mute Swan Eggs..
Most Important is the Size and General Shape.
The Pen will NOT be Lifting the EGGs to Check the Weight..
They ROLL the EGGs Multiple Times a Day.. to Incubate them Evenly.
Half of our Wooden EGGs are Only a Few Ounces.. and ARE Accepted !
For the Mute Swan Egg Colors I used the Small Bottles of Acrylic Craft Paints
to Tint the Sealer.
The Colors will Vary with the Different Species of Swans.
The Color Samples below are from Regular House Paint Color Samples.
GLIDDEN PPG SOFT SAGE is Pretty Close.
These Files Show the Colors I tried to Match in Craft Acrylic Paints.
Is a Good Choice..
My Goal with the Color Samples Above is to Get As Close as Possible
to the Shade of Green that will Stain to the Color of a Mute Swan Egg.
Recently, One of the Gals in my Swan Network Called and Share that she
is going to Use > Annie Sloan’s – Chalk Paints.
I did a Bit of Reading.. Product Reviews Sound Great.
https://anniesloanpaintandcolour.blogspot.com/2020/05/11-dos-and-donts-when-using-chalk-paint-lacquer.html
This Gal Removed 5 EGGs from the Clutch and Allowed a Few EGGs to Hatch.
https://doriturnerinteriors.com/chalk-paint-brand-review/
I have Not Used Chalk Paints.. They Sound Interesting. LMS
AND ANOTHER.. Crafty Swan Lady Painted Replacement EGGs..
She was Surprised how Quickly her Swans Accepted the Wooden EGGs.
First Step..
Sand the Bare Eggs until all Rough Spots are Gone.
Wipe Away any Dust.
Coat with a Good Quality Primer – Sealer.. White
Interior/Exterior Water Base Primer.. Coat – Dry – Sand Smooth.
White Coat AGAIN – DRY WELL..
I Used the Little Take Home Container Lids to Keep the Eggs from Rolling.
I Added Acrylic Craft Color to Tint an Aliquot of the Sealer.
( NOT Entire Can. ) BASE Color Coat Twice..
Time to “Stain” the Eggs. Using Medium Brown Craft Paint.
Dilute the Color until it will Stripe and Smear on the Egg.
I had to Wet my Hands to Coat the Entire Egg with Uneven Coloring.
Then WIPE Dry with a Paper Towel to Remove MOST Paint.
The Mute Swan Eggs should have an Uneven Mottled Pattern.
There is a Fluff of Small Feathers in the Swan’s Nest to Cushion the Eggs.
“Feathering the Nest.”
I Painted to Small SemiPlume Feather on One End..
To be Sure Which are REAL Eggs Which are Wooden Eggs.
Once the Eggs are VERY Dry, I Completely Coated Three Times
with the SATIN Exterior Seal & Protect Finish. DRY Well.
The Satin Finish was too Glossy.. On a Very Damp Terry Cloth,
I Generously Sprinkled Fine Grit Bon-Ami & Coarser Ajax Scouring Powder.
Generally Rubbing-Buffing all over until the Eggs had the Same Dull Surface
as the Real Mute Swan Eggs.
RINSE Well, Dry Immediately. Dry Well before Storing.
After using in a Spring Nest, DO NOT SOAK IN WATER.
Wipe with Soapy Water, Rinse, Dry Well. Store for Next Year.
> > > REMEMBER Where you Put them..
Maybe you will NOT Need them for Several Years..
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How to SWAP-OUT Swan Replacement Eggs.
IF your Goal is to Prevent ALL EGGs Hatching.
NOTE: When the Swan Pen Starts to “Sit” Full-Time.
Mark Your Calendar. She Needs to “Sit” for 42 Days.
OR IF she Abandon her Eggs on her own. Then Watch for Recycling.
Wait Until the Female/Pen is “Sitting” Full-Time for at least a Week
To Ensure she is Truly Finished Laying..
Be Sure it is the Pen at the Nest “Sitting” Full-Time.
Most Cobs will Sit with the Clutch as it is being Laid.
For a Clutch of 5 Eggs it will take 9 Days. For 8 Eggs 15 Days for Laying.
He will Protect the Eggs, but he CAN NOT Incubate them.
Only the Pen can Incubate the Eggs… ALL Eggs at the Same Time.
During the 8 to 17 Days the Female is Laying her Eggs, she is EATING.
NOT “SITTING !! ” – NOT Incubating !
Fertile Mute Swan Eggs SHOULD Hatch on Day 37 Plus – Minus 1 Day.
It is an Interesting Time. But, a Lot Like Watching Paint Dry.
The Pen will hardly Eat during this Time…
Quick Breaks on the Pond to Drink and Relieve herself. Average 6 Minutes.
Most Cobs will Watch the Nest during this Time. Not All.
If the Eggs are Fertile on Day 35 the Cygnets inside the Shell start to Wiggle.
The Pen will be OFF and ON the Nest Frequently.. STARTING to EAT !
The Pen’s Hungry Behavior is a VISUAL SIGNAL Hatching is about to Happen.
The Cygnets are Pipping. IF you can safely get Close you can hear them.
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If the Eggs are Spoiled or Replaced, the Pen will not have this Signal.
She will continue to “Sit.” If the Eggs are not Removed some Pens Starve to Death.
It is for her Health and Safety, REMOVE all Eggs at 42 Days.
The Topic Page Below will Provide more Information.
Timing Swan Eggs to Hatching
https://swanlovers.net/category/timing-swan-eggs-to-hatch/
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Arrange for 3 People to Help with this Project.
Supplies.. One or Two Large Nets.. Maybe a Large Beach Towel..
A Bucket Lined with Two Plastic Grocery Bags.
Working Together this will Only take a Few Minutes.
FIRST: Contain the Male..
Either keep him at a Safe Distance Across the Pond.
OR when he come up to the Nest AFTER YOU – Net him.
SECOND: Net the Pen Or Wrap her with a Large Towel.
Move her off to the Side. Try NOT to Scare Her.
OR Encourage the Pen off her Nest and into the Pond.
Calmly, Slowly, I use a Lawn Chair to Encourage the Female off her Nest.
Turned Around this Also Protects me from being Whacked.
IF there are 5-8 Eggs:
Check for any Cracked or Smelly Eggs that are Attracting Flies.
Remove these first.
This Female became VERY Sick from Eating the Pesty Flies.
She died Nine Days after Hatching her Only Cygnet. Then Sadly it Disappeared.
Remove ALL but Two Real Eggs that are OK.
Place only THREE Wooden Replacement Eggs in the Nest.
Release the Pen. Then Release the Cob. Check the Swans are OK..
Someone Watch that the Pen goes back on the Nest and Tends
to the Eggs in her Nest. That she Accepts the Replacements.
If any of the Removed REAL Eggs are Cracked or SMELL Nasty
– DISCARD THEM.
Rotting Eggs may Explode !! ( Gas PRESSURE )
– KEEP in Plastic Bags.
I had ONE Stinky Egg that I placed in the Bucket Bags.
Put the Replacement Eggs in the Nest. Stood Up.
Picked up my Bucket. BOOM !!!
ONE Egg was that Close to Exploding under our Pen.
THE NEXT Day: Do a Basic Check from a Safe Distance
that the Swans are still in Normal Nesting Behavior Mode.
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ONE Week Later..
Repeat: Remove the Remaining Real Eggs.
DO NOT Add any more Replacements.
UNLESS there are Eggs Missing.. !!!!
Swan Pens frequently Lose Eggs during the Nesting Season.
They need several Eggs ( Two or Three) to “Sit” on
for the 42 Days to Prevent Recycling.
KEEP the Extra Wooden Replacement Eggs as Spares.
There may be some Losses over Time by Raccoons or People..
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ON Day 42 – Remove ALL Eggs from the Nest.
This way the Pen will Start to Eat Again.. and Avoid Starvation.
Wipe Replacement Eggs with Soapy Water on a Terry Cloth.
DO NOT Soak Wooden Eggs. Rinse, DRY Well.
Store for Next Year. Remember WHERE they ARE !
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BELOW are Real Mute Swans Eggs.. Drained, Filled, READY to Use. !!
BRAD You did a Great Job.. Thanks for Sharing..
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The Winter Months are a Good Time to be Crafty
and Make Replacement Eggs.
I Must Decline ANY Request to Make Replacement Eggs for you Folks.
I would have to make Hundreds for All the People who have Asked.. (-;
Hopefully, You or Someone in your Network of Friends, Family and Neighbors..
is Crafty.. You will Need the Eggs by March.
The Wooden Eggs above were Painted to Create
a Decorative Mute Swan Nest for her Flower Bed.
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This is an EXAMPLE of a Mute Pen that had Rotting EGGs.
Trail Cams are becoming Common so Swan Folks
can WATCH their Nesting Swans.
This Pen had an Egg that Cracked from the Pressure of Rotting Gas.
She Repeatedly TRIED to Pick-up the Stinky Egg Shell.
You can See her Beak Marks in the Shell..
Finally she was Able to Remove the Nasty Egg from her Nest. 
Rotting Swan EGGs are STINK BOMBs.
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REPLACEMENT EGGs Painted Fall 2018
Information UpDated July 2021 (c) SwanLover Linda M.Sweger
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An Example of a Replacement Egg Swap-Out.
Take a Few Minutes to Observe the Nesting Swans..
Walk Slowly – Get Closer a Little at a Time..
It is Typical for the Cob to be Patrolling Near the Nest Site.
This will be the Pen’s Fourth Spring to Nest. She is Dedicated to her Eggs.
Our Helpers were in Place, Ready to Start this Swap-Out.
I Walked BETWEEN the Nest and the Pond
to see if the Cob would come out to Protect his Female.
Giving the Cob a Little Space to Come up to the Lawn-Nest Area.
So Sweet, the Cob goes to Make Sure his Female is Safe.
Now it is TIME for him to CHASE Us OFF.. So Predictable.
The Cob was EASY to Net. He came Directly to Us. OOPs !!
Be Sure the Net Hoop is Securely on the Ground.
Swans are Good at Wiggling out UNDER any Open Spot .
Check his Neck is Not Twisted and he is Breathing OK.
We Slowly Move the Pen off the Nest with a Lawn Chair.
Do this Slowly, give her Time to Stand-up and Move Away.
The Nest contained a Large Clutch of 8 Eggs.
Working Quickly, I did not Snap Photos that were Focused. DARN !!
The Clutch below is an Example from a Nest in 2017 !!
We Removed 5 Real Swan Eggs and Placed 3 Replacements in the Nest.
SNAPPING One last Photo….
We Stepped back so the Pen could Return to her Nest.
These Image Tell the Story.
The Cob was Release and Went Back to the Pond.
We Watched for about 5 Minutes.
The Pen Settled Down on the Nest.
This Mute Swan Pen will Need to Sit on the Nest for 4 more Weeks.
In One Week the Remaining REAL Eggs will be Removed.
She will Continue to “Sit” on the Three Replacement Eggs.
She will Accept them as hers. They will Smell like her and the Nest.
Swan of Beauty, Swan of Grace.
A Queen among her Ancient Race.
The Swan – by Susa Morgan Black.
